Mysql 5.7.21 单机多实例安装

1. 下载MySQL 5.7 二制包
   [root@MySQL ~]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

2. 解压 MySQL 5.7 二进制包到指定目录
   [root@MySQL ~]# tar zxvf mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

3. 创建 MySQL 软链接
   [root@MySQL ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

4. 创建 MySQL 用户
   [root@MySQL ~]# useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin mysql

5. 在 MySQL 二进制包目录中创建 mysql-files 目录 [MySQL 数据导入/导出数据专放目录]

[root@MySQL ~]# mkdir -v /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files 
mkdir: created directory `/usr/local/mysql/mysql-files'

6. 创建多实例数据目录

[root@MySQL ~]# mkdir -vp /data/mysql_data{1..4} 
mkdir: created directory `/data' 
mkdir: created directory `/data/mysql_data1' 
mkdir: created directory `/data/mysql_data2' 
mkdir: created directory `/data/mysql_data3' 
mkdir: created directory `/data/mysql_data4'

7. 修改 MySQL 二进制包目录的所属用户与所属组
   [root@MySQL ~]# chown root.mysql -R /usr/local/mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64

8. 修改 MySQL 多实例数据目录与数据导入/导出专放目录的所属用户与所属组
   [root@MySQL ~]# chown mysql.mysql -R /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files /data/mysql_data{1..4}

9. 配置 MySQL 配置文件 /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld_multi] 
mysqld    = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld  
mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
log        = /tmp/mysql_multi.log 
[mysqld1] 
# 设置数据目录　[多实例中一定要不同] 
datadir = /data/mysql_data1
# 设置sock存放文件名　[多实例中一定要不同] 
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock1 
# 设置监听开放端口　[多实例中一定要不同] 
port = 3306 
# 设置运行用户 
user = mysql 
# 关闭监控 
performance_schema = off 
# 设置innodb 缓存大小 
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M 
# 设置监听IP地址 
bind_address = 0.0.0.0 
# 关闭DNS 反向解析 
skip-name-resolve = 0 
[mysqld2] 
datadir = /data/mysql_data2
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock2 
port = 3307 
user = mysql 
performance_schema = off 
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M 
bind_address = 0.0.0.0 
skip-name-resolve = 0   
[mysqld3] 
datadir = /data/mysql_data3
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock3 
port = 3308 
user = mysql 
performance_schema = off 
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M 
bind_address = 0.0.0.0 
skip-name-resolve = 0 
[mysqld4] 
datadir = /data/mysql_data4
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock4 
port = 3309 
user = mysql 
performance_schema = off 
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M 
bind_address = 0.0.0.0 
skip-name-resolve = 0

10. 初始化各个实例 [ 初始化完成后会自带随机密码在输出日志中 ]

[root@MySQL ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_data1 
[root@MySQL ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_data2 
[root@MySQL ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_data3 
[root@MySQL ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_data4

11. 各实例开启 SSL 连接

[root@MySQL ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_data1 
[root@MySQL ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_data2 
[root@MySQL ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_data3 
[root@MySQL ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_data4

12. 复制多实例脚本到服务管理目录下 [ /etc/init.d/ ]
    [root@MySQL ~]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysqld_multi.server /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi

13. 添加脚本执行权限
    [root@MySQL ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi

14. 添加进service服务管理
    [root@MySQL ~]# chkconfig --add mysqld_multi

15. 启动测试

• 查个多实例状态

[root@MySQL ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi report 
Reporting MySQL servers 
MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not running 
MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running 
MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is not running 
MySQL server from group: mysqld4 is not running

• 启动多实例
  [root@MySQL ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi start

• 查看多实例状态

Reporting MySQL servers 
MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is running 
MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is running 
MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is running 
MySQL server from group: mysqld4 is running

• 查看实例监听端口

[root@MySQL ~]# netstat -lntp | grep mysqld 
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3306        0.0.0.0:*                LISTEN      2673/mysqld        
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3307        0.0.0.0:*                LISTEN      2676/mysqld        
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3308        0.0.0.0:*                LISTEN      2679/mysqld        
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3309        0.0.0.0:*                LISTEN      2682/mysqld

16. 连接测试

• 实例1

[root@MySQL ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -S /tmp/mysql.sock1  -p'z+Ilo*>s:3kw' 
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g. 
Your MySQL connection id is 6 
Server version: 5.7.18 
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its 
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective 
owners. 
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. 
mysql> set password = '123456'; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

• 实例2

[root@MySQL ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -S /tmp/mysql.sock2  -p'b*AHUrTgu1rl' 
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g. 
Your MySQL connection id is 7 
Server version: 5.7.18 
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its 
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective 
owners. 
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. 
mysql> set password = '123456'; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

原文链接：https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-07/145343.htm