内置方法案例

纸牌游戏

import json
from collections import namedtuple

"""
Tuple还有一个兄弟，叫namedtuple。虽然都是tuple，但是功能更为强大。
对于namedtuple，你不必再通过索引值进行访问，你可以把它看做一个字典
通过名字进行访问，只不过其中的值是不能改变的。
"""

Card = namedtuple("Card", ["rank", "suit"])  # rank 是牌面大小，suit是花色


class FranchDeck:
    ranks = [str(n) for n in range(2, 11)] + list("JQKA")  # 牌面大小
    suits = ["红心", "黑桃", "方片", "梅花"]

    def __init__(self):
        self.__cards = [Card(rank, suit) for rank in FranchDeck.ranks
                        for suit in FranchDeck.suits]  # 循环嵌套，获取数字，花色

    def __len__(self):
        return len(self.__cards)

    def __getitem__(self, item):
        return self.__cards[item]

    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        self.__cards[key] = value

    def __str__(self):
        return json.dumps(self._cards, ensure_ascii=False)


deck = FranchDeck()
print(deck[10])  # 获取牌

# 洗牌
from random import choice

print(choice(deck))
print(choice(deck))
# 切片
from random import shuffle

shuffle(deck)
print(deck[10])
print(deck[:5])